From Principles to Practice: Normativity and Judgement in Ethics and Politics
Cambridge University Press, 9/20/2018
EAN 9781107113756, ISBN10: 110711375X
Hardcover, 234 pages, 23.4 x 18.8 x 1.7 cm
Language: English
Knowledge aims to fit the world, and action to change it. In this collection of essays, Onora O'Neill explores the relationship between these concepts and shows that principles are not enough for ethical thought or action: we also need to understand how practical judgement identifies ways of enacting them and of changing the way things are. Both ethical and technical judgement are supported, she contends, by bringing to bear multiple considerations, ranging from ethical principles to real-world constraints, and while we will never find practical algorithms - let alone ethical algorithms - that resolve moral and political issues, good practical judgement can bring abstract principles to bear in situations that call for action. Her essays thus challenge claims that all inquiry must use either the empirical methods of scientific inquiry or the interpretive methods of the humanities. They will appeal to a range of readers in moral and political philosophy.
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Note on the references to Kant's works
Part I. Why Practical Principles Matter
1. Modern moral philosophy and the problem of relevant descriptions
2. Two cultures fifty years on
3. Scientific inquiry and normative reasoning
Part II. Abstract Principles and Practical Judgement
4. Abstraction, idealisation and ideology
5. Normativity and practical judgement
6. Instituting principles
between duty and action
7. Experts, practitioners and practical judgement
8. Kant on indeterminacy, judgement and interpretation
Part III. Means, Ends and Demands
9. Reason and the resolution of disputes
10. Consequences for non-consequentialists
11. Demandingness and rules
Part IV. 'Applied' Ethics and Practical Judgement
12. Applied ethics
naturalism, normativity and public policy
13. Practical principles and practical judgement in bioethics
14. Enactable and enforceable
Kant's criteria for right and virtue
Index.