The German Experience of Professionalization: Modern Learned Professions and their Organizations from the Early Nineteenth Century to the Hitler Era
Cambridge University Press
Edition: Revised ed., 8/8/2002
EAN 9780521522533, ISBN10: 0521522536
Paperback, 268 pages, 22.9 x 15.2 x 1.5 cm
Language: English
Modern learned professions (medicine, law, teaching, engineering, and others) developed in central Europe just as vigorously as in England or America. Yet their close relationship with state power - more typical of the world development of professions than the Anglo-American model - led to a different historical experience of professionalization. This work is the first to explore that experience in a comprehensive way from the time when modern learned professions arose until the eve of World War II. Based on the history and surviving records of German professional organizations, it shows how the learned professions emerged gradually in the nineteenth century from the shadow of strong state regulation to achieve a high degree of autonomy and control over professional standards by the First World War. By studying professional groups collectively, it gives a more contoured picture of their fate under National Socialism than works dedicated primarily to the phenomenon of fascism itself.
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Part I. The Problem of Professions in Germany
1. Introduction
2. Problems and methods in the history of modern German professions
Part II. The Transition to Modern Professions in the Early Nineteenth Century
3. The beginnings of modern professions in Germany
4. Professions between revolution and unification
Part III. Unified Professions in a Unified Germany?
5. The organization of the 'free' professions
medicine, law, engineering, and chemistry
6. Organization of state-service professions
teachers and the clergy
7. Professional credentials in the new Reich
Part IV. Breakthrough and Breakdowns
The Professions Enter the Era of Cartels and Unions
8. The 'free' professions, 1900–1918
9. Law-based professions, 1900–1918
Part V. The Weimar era
10. The 'free' professions under Weimar
11. Professions based on law and pedagogy in the Weimar era
Part VI. The Fate of Professions Under and After Fascism
12. Collaboration, coordination, and professionalization
13. Conclusion
A word about sources
Index.