Defeating Authoritarian Leaders in Postcommunist Countries (Cambridge Studies in Contentious Politics)
Cambridge University Press
Edition: Illustrated, 6/30/2011
EAN 9781107006850, ISBN10: 1107006856
Hardcover, 396 pages, 22.9 x 15.2 x 2.5 cm
Language: English
Originally published in English
From 1998 to 2005, six elections took place in postcommunist Europe that had the surprising outcome of empowering the opposition and defeating authoritarian incumbents or their designated successors. Valerie J. Bunce and Sharon L. Wolchik compare these unexpected electoral breakthroughs. They draw three conclusions. First, the opposition was victorious because of the hard and creative work of a transnational network composed of local opposition and civil society groups, members of the international democracy assistance community and graduates of successful electoral challenges to authoritarian rule in other countries. Second, the remarkable run of these upset elections reflected the ability of this network to diffuse an ensemble of innovative electoral strategies across state boundaries. Finally, elections can serve as a powerful mechanism for democratic change. This is especially the case when civil society is strong, the transfer of political power is through constitutional means, and opposition leaders win with small mandates.
Part I. The Puzzle
1. Breakthrough elections
mixed regimes, democracy assistance, and international diffusion
2. Electoral stability and change in mixed regimes
Part II. Case Studies
3. The 1998 election in Slovakia and the 2000 election in Croatia
model solidifies and is transferred
4. Defeating a dictator at the polls and in the streets
the 2000 Yugoslav election
5. Ukraine
the orange revolution
6. Georgia and Kyrgyzstan
fraudulent parliamentary elections, mass protests, and presidential abdications
7. Failed cases
Armenia, Azerbaijan and Belarus
Part III. Comparative Analyses
8. Explaining divergent electoral outcomes
regime strength, international democracy assistance, and electoral dynamics
9. The electoral model
evolution and elements
10. The cross-national diffusion of democratizing elections
11. After the elections
explaining divergent regime trajectories
12. Conclusions
democratizing elections, international diffusion and US democracy assistance.