Development of Professional Expertise: Toward Measurement of Expert Performance and Design of Optimal Learning Environments
Cambridge University Press, 8/27/2009
EAN 9780521518468, ISBN10: 0521518466
Hardcover, 570 pages, 22.9 x 15.5 x 3.6 cm
Language: English
Professionals such as medical doctors, aeroplane pilots, lawyers, and technical specialists find that some of their peers have reached high levels of achievement that are difficult to measure objectively. In order to understand to what extent it is possible to learn from these expert performers for the purpose of helping others improve their performance, we first need to reproduce and measure this performance. This book is designed to provide the first comprehensive overview of research on the acquisition and training of professional performance as measured by objective methods rather than by subjective ratings by supervisors. In this collection of articles, the world's foremost experts discuss methods for assessing the experts' knowledge and review our knowledge on how we can measure professional performance and design training environments that permit beginning and experienced professionals to develop and maintain their high levels of performance, using examples from a wide range of professional domains.
1. The Measurement and Development of Professional Performance
An Introduction to the Topic and a Background to the Design and Origin of this Book K. Anders Ericsson, Ray Perez, David Eccles, Laura Lang, Eva Baker, John Bransford, Kurt VanLehn and Paul Ward
Part I. Challenges in Past and Contemporary Efforts to Measure and Train the Objective Performance of Professionals
2. The 20th Century Revolution in Military Training Ralph Ernest Chatham
3. Developing Professional Expertise with a Cognitive Apprenticeship Model
Examples from Avionics and Medicine Susanne P. Lajoie
4. Leadership Development and Assessment
Describing and Rethinking the State of the Art Michael D. Mumford, Tamara L. Friedrich, Jay J. Caughron and Alison L. Antes
5. Revolutions, Leaders, and Diagnosticians
Reflections on the Themes in Chapters 2-4 Earl Hunt
Part II. Past and Contemporary Efforts to Design Instruction, Train, and Maintain Professional Performance
6. Research on Past and Current Training in Professional Domains
The Emerging Need for a Paradigm Shift Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer and Eddy W. Boot
7. Designing Training for Professionals Based on Subject Matter Experts and Cognitive Task Analysis Jan Maarten Schraagen
8. How to Help Professionals Maintain and Improve Their Knowledge and Skills
Triangulating Best Practices in Medicine Dave Davis
9. Advances in Specifying What Is To Be Learned
Reflections on the Themes in Chapters 6-8 Richard E. Mayer
Part III. The Assessment and Training of Skilled and Expert Performers in the Military
10. Toward a Second Training Revolution
Promise and Pitfalls of Digital Experiential Training Ralph Ernest Chatham
11. Evaluating Pilot Performance Brian T. Schreiber, Winston Bennett Jr, Charles M. Colegrove, Antoinette M. Portrey, David A. Greschke and Herbert H. Bell
12. Contrasting Submarine Specialty Training
Sonar and Fire Control S. S. Kirschenbaum, S. McInnis and K. P. Correll
13. Training Complex Cognitive Skills
A Theme-Based Approach to the Development of Battlefield Skills Scott B. Shadrick and James W. Lussier
14. Structuring the Conditions of Training to Achieve Elite Performance
Reflections on Elite Training Programs and Related Themes in Chapters 10-13 Robert A. Bjork
Part IV. The Development of Expertise and Expert Performance
15. The Influence of Learning Research on the Design and Use of Assessment Eva L. Baker
16. Acquiring Conceptual Expertise from Modeling
The Case of Elementary Physics Kurt VanLehn and Brett van de Sande
17. Teaching for Expertise
Problem-Based Methods in Medicine and Other Professional Domains Henny P. A. Boshuizen
18. Enhancing the Development of Professional Performance
Implications from the Study of Deliberate Practice K. Anders Ericsson
19. It Takes Expertise to Make Expertise
Some Thoughts about Why and How and Reflections on the Themes in Chapters 15-18 John D. Bransford and Daniel L. Schwartz
Part V. General Discussion
20. The Value of Expertise and Expert Performance
A Review of Evidence from the Military J. D. Fletcher
21. Expertise in the Management of People
A New Frontier for Research on Expert Performance Susan E. F. Chipman.