El Niño: Historical and Paleoclimatic Aspects of the Southern Oscillation

Cambridge University Press, 2/4/1993
EAN 9780521430425, ISBN10: 0521430429

Hardcover, 492 pages, 25.4 x 17.8 x 2.7 cm
Language: English

The El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is a recurrent feature of the climate in tropical regions. A primary example of large scale coupled ocean-atmosphere interactions, ENSO has received much attention in past years, as a result of widespread climatic anomalies (severe drought and floods, Indian monsoon failure, etc.) that are often associated with the development of such episodes. To enhance our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the low frequency behavior of ENSO and to help improve our ability to forecast the future behavior of this phenomenon, we have combined analysis of the modern aspects of ENSO morphology, modelling and variability with chapters dealing with its historical and prehistorical behavior. this volume examines different approaches to reconstructing ENSO based on a variety of proxy sources. It also illustrates how, in the past, the climatic manifestations associated with ENSO may have been different, in the frequency of occurrence as well as amplitude. This 1993 book will be of importance to all professional scientists and researchers in climatology, meteorology and the earth and environmental sciences, while graduate students in these disciplines will find the book a useful reference source.

1. Introduction Henry F. Diaz and Vera Markgraf
Part I. ENSO in the Modern Record
2. Atmospheric teleconnections associated with the extreme phase of the Southern Oscillation Henry F. Diaz and George N. Kiladis
3. El Nino/Southern Oscillation and streamflow in the western United States Daniel R. Cayan and Robert H. Webb
4. Coupled climate model simulation of El Nino/Southern Oscillation
implications for paleoclimate Gerald A. Meehl and Grant W. Branstator
Part II. Use of Historical Records in ENSO Reconstructions
5. Historical and prehistorical overview of El Nino/Southern Oscillation David B. Enfield
6. A study of Southern Oscillation-related climatic activity for A.D. 622–1990 incorporating Nile River flood data William H. Quinn
7. Historical El Nino/Southern Oscillation variability in the Australasian region Neville Nicholls
8. A comparison of Southern Oscillation and El Nino signals in the tropics Henry F. Diaz and Roger S. Pulwarty
9. Long-term changes in the frequency of occurrence of El Nino events Roger Y. Anderson
Part III. Paleoclimate Reconstructions of El Nino/Southern Oscillation from Tree-Ring Records
10. Using three rings to study past El Nino/Southern Oscillation influences on climate Edward R. Cook
11. An index of the Southern Oscillation reconstructed from western North American tree-ring chronologies J. M. Lough
12. Spectral properties of tree-ring data in the United States Southwest as related to El Nino/Southern Oscillation David M. Meko
13. A tree-ring reconstruction of New Mexico winter precipitation and its relation to El Nino/Southern Oscillation events Roseanne D. D'arrigo and Gordon C. Jacoby
14. Temporal patterns of El Nino/Southern Oscillation - wildfire teleconnections in the southwestern United States Thomas W. Swetnam and Julio L. Betancourt
15. Secular variability of the Southern Oscillation detected in tree-ring data from Mexico and the southern United States Malcolm K. Cleaveland, Edward R. Cooke and David W. Stahle
Part IV. Records from Ice Cores and Corals
16. Reconstructing interannual climate variability from tropical and subtropical ice-core records L. G. Thompson, E. Mosley-Thompson and P. A. Thompson
17. A comparison of proxy records of El Nino/Southern Oscillation Joel Michaelsen and L. G. Thompson
18. Coral monitors of El Nino/Southern Oscillation dynamics across the equatorial Pacific Julia E. Cole, Glen T. Shen, Richard G. Fairbanks and Michael Moore
Part V. Low-resolution Paleoclimate Reconstruction of El Nino/Southern Oscillation
Marine and Terrestrial Proxy Indicators
19. Fishery catch records, El Nino/Southern Oscillation, and longer-term climate change as inferred from fish remains in marine sediments Gary D. Sharp
20. Long-term changes in El Nino/Southern Oscillation
evidence from marine and lacustrine sediments Roger Y. Anderson, Andy Soutar and Thomas C. Johnson
21. El Nino/Southern Oscillation climatic variability in Australasian and South American paleoenvironmental records M. S. McGlone, A. P. Kershaw and Vera Markgraf
22. Synthesis and future prospects Henry F. Diaz, Vera Markgraf and Malcolm K. Hughes
Index.