Black Hole Tariffs and Endogenous Policy Theory: Political Economy in General Equilibrium
Cambridge University Press
Edition: Illustrated, 8/25/1989
EAN 9780521362474, ISBN10: 0521362474
Hardcover, 460 pages, 22.9 x 15.2 x 3 cm
Language: English
Originally published in English
This book provides a special interest theory of protection, developing a full general equilibrium theory that explains the distribution of income with goods markets, factor markets, lobbies, political parties, and voters all pursuing their self interest. This probabilistic voting model shows how well-organized groups can use seemingly irrational government policies to exploit poorly organized groups. Given rational predatory behaviour between these groups, protection or any other redistributive policy that improves the chances of election of a party increases political efficiency. This can create an economic black hole, conditions under which an entire economy can disappear into lobbying. Paradoxically, the tariff rates accompanying an economic black hole are very low. The economic waste is confined to lobbying costs. The book contains both theoretical and empirical work explaining protection in the United States (1900–88) and levels of protection in about sixty foreign countries in the 1980s.
Preface
Acknowledgments
list of results
1. A preview of the results
2. Endogenous policy theory
a diagrammatic approach
Part I. Endogenous Policy Theory with Specific Factors
The Theory of Industry Tariffs in Partial Equilibrium
3. The probabilistic voting model of political efficiency and powerless politicians
4. Endogenous lobbying theory and the contribution specialization theorem
5. Endogenous tariff theory
6. The power function model of endogenous industry lobbying
7. Three simple tests of the Stolper-Samuelson theorem
8. The invisible foot and the waste of nations
lawyers as negative externalities
Part II. Endogenous Policy Theory in General Equilibrium
A Long-Run Theory of National Tariff Levels
9. The 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 model of endogenous redistribution theory
10. A prisoner's dilemma theory of endogenous protection
the Leontief model
11. The compensation effect and the multiple equilibrium trap
12. increasing returns to politics and factor endowments
economic development and Brazilian vitality versus the Indian disease
13. Endogenous protection in the United States, 1900–88
14. A Cobb–Douglas model
15. Black hole tariffs
16. The endowment effect
cross-national evidence on endogenous tariffs
Part II. Postscript
17. The senile-industry argument for protection
18. Optimal obfuscation and the theory of the second worst
the politically efficient policy
Mathematical appendices
References
Author index
Subject index.
"This book takes a major step toward giving us a real understanding of why we observe restrictive protectionism despite the free-trade arguments advanced by economists for more than two centuries." James M. Buchanan
"Magee, Brock, and Young are the pioneers of modern political economy. Since the early 1970s their work has provided the theoretical microfoundations for the subject. This long-awaited book also demonstrates empirical tests of the theory. The Magee-Young theorem of increasing returns to the abundant factor will join the Rybczynski theorem as a core proposition in the theory of international trade." Robert E. Baldwin
"The best of all the 'rational choice' models of politics. The political science establishment should be mortified that it had to be written by economists." Thomas Ferguson
"Sixteen years have elapsed since Brock and Magee began their promising work on the theory of protection. Now they and Leslie Young have shown that our wait has been properly rewarded. Here is a wide-ranging and highly imaginative treatment of protectionism and the underlying theory of coalitions." George J. Stigler