Brain Disorders in Critical Illness: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Cambridge University Press
Edition: Illustrated, 9/19/2013
EAN 9781107029194, ISBN10: 1107029198

Hardcover, 456 pages, 25.1 x 19.3 x 2.5 cm
Language: English

Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.

Foreword
Introduction
Glossary
Part I. Epidemiology and Outcomes
1. The epidemiology of critical illness brain dysfunction
2. Cognitive dysfunction following critical illness
3. Psychiatric disorders following critical illnesses
4. Functional status and quality of life after critical illness
5. Delirium and dementia
unraveling the complex relationship
Part II. Behavioral Neurology in the ICU
6. Cognitive reserve
7. Neurology of consciousness impairments
8. Mechanisms of attention and attentional impairment
9. Neurology of sleep and sleep disorders
10. Neural basis of fear and anxiety
Part III. Biological Mechanisms
11. Experimental models of cognitive dysfunction in infection and critical illness
12. Neurobiological effects of systemic physiological and metabolic insults
13. Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion
14. Brain perfusion and autoregulation in systemic critical illness
15. Delirium and neurotransmitter dysfunction
16. Neuromodulatory and neurotoxic effects of sedative agents
17. Neuroimmunological crosstalk in critical illness
18. Inflammatory mechanisms in chronic neurodegenerative disease
the impact of microglia priming
19. The neuroendocrine response to critical illness
20. Autonomic dysfunction in SIRS and sepsis
21. Sepsis-induced neuronal dysfunction and death
22. Neuroimmunomodulation in sepsis
Part IV. Diagnosis of Brain Dysfunction
23. Clinical neurological assessment of the critically ill patient
24. Bedside assessment of delirium in critically ill patients
25. Electroencephalography and evoked potentials in critically ill patients
26. Neuroimaging of delirium
Part V. Preventative and Therapeutic Interventions
27. Environmental modification
28. New paradigms in sedation of the critically ill patient
29. Pharmacological management of delirium
30. Pharmacogenomics and cerebral dysfunction
31. Early physical and occupational therapy
32. Rehabilitation after critical illness
Part VI. Clinical Encephalopathy Syndromes
33. Drug-induced encephalopathy
34. Metabolic encephalopathies
inborn errors of metabolism causing encephalopathies in adults
35. Encephalopathy associated with alcohol or drug withdrawal
36. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)
the essential elements
37. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
38. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy
39. Seizures and status epilepticus in critical illness
40. Encephalopathy and coma in acute liver failure and chronic liver failure
41. Neurologic complications of cardiac surgery
stroke, encephalopathy, and cognitive decline
Index.